Heterogeneity of thermomechanical and chemi-thermo-mechanical pulps described with distributions of an independent common bonding factor on particle level

Particles in mechanical pulp show a wide variety but are commonly described using averages and/or collective properties. The authors suggest distributions of common bonding factor, BIND (Bonding INDicator), for each particle. BIND-distribution is based on factor analysis particle diameter, wall thickness, and external fibrillation several pulps measured an optical analyser. A characteristic set the primary refiner, depending both wood process conditions, remains almost intact along process. Double-disc refiners gave flatter lower amounts fibres with extreme values than single-disc refiners. More refining increased differences between low high BIND. Hence, it more difficult to develop Examples given how BIND-distributions may be used assess energy efficiency, fractionation influence raw material. Mill scale operations were studied printing-grade thermomechanical (TMP), board-grade chemi-thermomechanical (CTMP), from spruce.